Quiz on Biotechnology-May 16, 2023
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Quiz on Biotechnology
Quiz on Biotechnology: Round 1: Biotechnology Basics
Question: What is biotechnology?
Answer: Biotechnology is a field of science that combines biology and technology to develop products and technologies for various applications.
Question: Which Indian city is known as the “Biotech Capital of India”?
Answer: Bengaluru (Bangalore) is known as the “Biotech Capital of India.”
Question: What is genetic engineering?
Answer: Genetic engineering is a technique used in biotechnology to manipulate an organism’s genetic material, typically by inserting or modifying specific genes.
Question: What is the main objective of biotechnology research and development?
Answer: The main objective of biotechnology R&D is to develop new technologies and products that improve human health, enhance agricultural productivity, and protect the environment.
Question: Which Indian institution is responsible for promoting biotechnology research and development?
Answer: The Department of Biotechnology (DBT) under the Ministry of Science and Technology is responsible for promoting biotechnology R&D in India.
Question: What is the significance of recombinant DNA technology in biotechnology?
Answer: Recombinant DNA technology allows the manipulation of DNA molecules from different sources to create new combinations of genetic material, leading to the production of valuable proteins and other biotechnological products.
Question: Which Indian scientist is known as the “Father of Indian Biotechnology”?
Answer: Dr. Pushpa Mitra Bhargava is often referred to as the “Father of Indian Biotechnology.”
Question: What are the major sectors where biotechnology finds applications in India?
Answer: Biotechnology finds applications in various sectors, including healthcare, agriculture, industrial processes, and environmental conservation.
Question: Which Indian company is the largest biotechnology company by market capitalization?
Answer: Biocon Limited, founded by Kiran Mazumdar-Shaw, is currently the largest biotechnology company in India by market capitalization.
Question: What is the role of the Biotechnology Industry Research Assistance Council (BIRAC) in India?
Answer: BIRAC is a government agency that promotes and supports innovation, research, and entrepreneurship in the biotechnology sector in India.
Quiz on Biotechnology: Round 2: Biotechnology Applications
Question: Which Indian company developed the first indigenous COVID-19 vaccine, Covaxin?
Answer: Bharat Biotech, an Indian biotechnology company, developed Covaxin.
Question: Which genetically modified (GM) crop was the first to be commercially cultivated in India?
Answer: Bt cotton, a genetically modified variety of cotton, was the first GM crop to be commercially cultivated in India.
Question: What is the significance of BT Brinjal in Indian agriculture?
Answer: BT Brinjal is a genetically modified variety of brinjal (eggplant) that is resistant to certain pests. Its cultivation aims to reduce the use of chemical pesticides and improve crop yield.
Question: Which Indian city houses the Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology (RGCB)?
Answer: Thiruvananthapuram, the capital city of Kerala, houses the Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology.
Question: Which biotechnology-based product is used in forensic investigations to analyze DNA samples?
Answer: Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) is a biotechnology technique used in forensic investigations to amplify DNA samples for analysis.
Question: What is the role of bioremediation in environmental biotechnology?
Answer: Bioremediation involves the use of microorganisms to degrade or remove pollutants from contaminated environments, making it an important tool in environmental biotechnology.
Question: Which Indian company developed the world’s first genetically modified mustard variety, DMH-11?
Answer: Delhi University’s Centre for Genetic Manipulation of Crop Plants (CGMCP) developed the genetically modified mustard variety, DMH-11.
Question: What is the significance of biotechnology in the pharmaceutical industry in India?
Answer: Biotechnology plays a crucial role in the pharmaceutical industry in India by enabling the development of advanced therapies, such as biologics and biosimilars, which have revolutionized treatment options.
Question: Which Indian agricultural biotechnology company developed Bollgard, a genetically modified cotton variety?
Answer: Mahyco-Monsanto Biotech (India) Ltd. developed Bollgard, a genetically modified cotton variety.
Question: What is the purpose of the National Biopharma Mission launched by the Government of India?
Answer: The National Biopharma Mission aims to accelerate biopharmaceutical development in India, promote entrepreneurship, and strengthen the innovation ecosystem in the biotechnology sector.
Quiz on Biotechnology: Round 3: Indian Biotechnology Institutions and Research
Question: Which institute in India is renowned for its research in the field of stem cells and regenerative medicine?
Answer: The National Centre for Biological Sciences (NCBS) in Bangalore is renowned for its research in stem cells and regenerative medicine.
Question: Which Indian organization is responsible for the management and promotion of intellectual property rights in the field of biotechnology?
Answer: The Biotechnology Industry Research Assistance Council (BIRAC) is responsible for the management and promotion of intellectual property rights in biotechnology in India.
Question: Which Indian state is home to the Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology (IGIB)?
Answer: The Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology (IGIB) is located in New Delhi, the capital city of India.
Question: Which Indian research institute focuses on plant biotechnology and crop improvement?
Answer: The National Institute of Plant Genome Research (NIPGR), located in New Delhi, focuses on plant biotechnology and crop improvement.
Question: Which Indian research organization is dedicated to marine biotechnology research and development?
Answer: The National Institute of Oceanography (NIO) conducts research and development in the field of marine biotechnology in India.
Question: Which Indian institute specializes in research related to vaccines and immunology?
Answer: The Translational Health Science and Technology Institute (THSTI) in Faridabad, Haryana, specializes in research related to vaccines and immunology.
Question: Which Indian research institute is renowned for its work in the area of genetic engineering and recombinant DNA technology?
Answer: The Centre for DNA Fingerprinting and Diagnostics (CDFD) in Hyderabad is renowned for its work in genetic engineering and recombinant DNA technology.
Question: Which Indian city houses the Indian Institute of Chemical Biology (IICB)?
Answer: The Indian Institute of Chemical Biology (IICB) is located in Kolkata, West Bengal.
Question: Which Indian institute focuses on bioinformatics research and analysis?
Answer: The Institute of Bioinformatics and Applied Biotechnology (IBAB), located in Bengaluru, focuses on bioinformatics research and analysis.
Question: Which Indian research institution is dedicated to the study of microbial genetics and microbial biotechnology?
Answer: The National Centre for Cell Science (NCCS) in Pune focuses on the study of microbial genetics and microbial biotechnology.
Quiz on Biotechnology: Round 4: Biotechnology in Agriculture
Question: Which Indian agricultural university is known for its research in agricultural biotechnology?
Answer: The Indian Agricultural Research Institute (IARI) in New Delhi is known for its research in agricultural biotechnology.
Question: Which genetically modified crop has been successfully developed to resist the attack of the pink bollworm in India?
Answer: Bt cotton, a genetically modified variety of cotton, has been successfully developed to resist the attack of the pink bollworm in India.
Question: What is the significance of tissue culture techniques in plant biotechnology?
Answer: Tissue culture techniques are used in plant biotechnology to propagate plants asexually, produce disease-free plantlets, and create genetically modified plants.
Question: Which Indian company developed the genetically modified eggplant variety known as Bt brinjal?
Answer: Maharashtra Hybrid Seeds Company (Mahyco) developed the genetically modified eggplant variety known as Bt brinjal.
Question: What is the role of biofertilizers in sustainable agriculture?
Answer: Biofertilizers, which consist of beneficial microorganisms, enhance nutrient availability in the soil, improve plant growth, and reduce the dependency on chemical fertilizers in sustainable agriculture.
Question: Which Indian agricultural biotechnology company is known for its research in genetically modified crops?
Answer: Monsanto India Limited is known for its research in genetically modified crops in the field of agricultural biotechnology.
Question: Which biotechnological technique is commonly used for the production of disease-resistant plants?
Answer: Genetic transformation is a commonly used biotechnological technique for the production of disease-resistant plants by introducing genes conferring resistance.
Question: Which Indian state has the highest adoption of genetically modified crops in agriculture?
Answer: The state of Maharashtra has the highest adoption of genetically modified crops, particularly Bt cotton, in agriculture.
Question: What are the potential benefits of genetically modified (GM) crops in Indian agriculture?
Answer: Potential benefits of GM crops in Indian agriculture include increased crop yield, reduced pesticide usage, improved pest and disease resistance, and enhanced nutritional value.
Question: Which Indian agricultural biotechnology company focuses on the development of hybrid seeds and biotech traits?
Answer: Advanta Limited, a subsidiary of UPL Limited, focuses on the development of hybrid seeds and biotech traits in agriculture.
Quiz on Biotechnology: Round 5: Biotechnology in Healthcare
Question: Which Indian biopharmaceutical company is known for producing insulin for diabetes treatment?
Answer: Biocon Limited, based in Bengaluru, is known for producing insulin and other biopharmaceuticals for diabetes treatment.
Question: What is the significance of genetic testing in healthcare?
Answer: Genetic testing helps diagnose genetic disorders, assess disease risks, guide personalized treatment plans, and enable reproductive decision-making in healthcare.
Question: Which Indian organization developed the first indigenously developed DNA vaccine, ZyCoV-D, for COVID-19?
Answer: Zydus Cadila, an Indian pharmaceutical company, developed ZyCoV-D, the first indigenously developed DNA vaccine for COVID-19.
Question: What is the role of biopharmaceuticals in precision medicine?
Answer: Biopharmaceuticals, such as monoclonal antibodies and targeted therapies, play a crucial role in precision medicine by specifically targeting disease-causing molecules or cells.
Question: Which Indian city is known for its biotechnology research and development hub called Genome Valley?
Answer: Hyderabad, in the state of Telangana, is known for its biotechnology research and development hub called Genome Valley.
Question: Which Indian biotechnology company developed the world’s first biosimilar of a monoclonal antibody, Rituximab?
Answer: Dr. Reddy’s Laboratories, an Indian biotechnology company, developed the world’s first biosimilar of Rituximab.
Question: What is the significance of stem cell therapy in regenerative medicine?
Answer: Stem cell therapy holds the potential to repair and regenerate damaged tissues and organs, offering potential treatments for various diseases and injuries.
Question: Which Indian organization focuses on the development of vaccines and immunotherapies for infectious diseases?
Answer: Serum Institute of India, based in Pune, focuses on the development of vaccines and immunotherapies for infectious diseases.
Question: What is the role of biotechnology in the production of therapeutic proteins, such as insulin and growth factors?
Answer: Biotechnology enables the production of therapeutic proteins through recombinant DNA technology, facilitating the mass production of proteins like insulin and growth factors.
Question: Which Indian biotech company is known for its work in the field of RNA interference-based therapeutics?
Answer: Alnylam Pharmaceuticals India, a subsidiary of Alnylam Pharmaceuticals, is known for its work in the field of RNA interference-based therapeutics.
Quiz on Biotechnology: Round 6: Biotechnology Regulations and Ethics
Question: Which regulatory authority in India oversees the safety assessment and approval of genetically modified organisms (GMOs)?
Answer: The Genetic Engineering Appraisal Committee (GEAC) oversees the safety assessment and approval of genetically modified organisms (GMOs) in India.
Question: What are the ethical considerations associated with biotechnology research and applications?
Answer: Ethical considerations in biotechnology include ensuring the protection of human subjects in research, addressing potential risks and benefits, and respecting principles of informed consent and privacy.
Question: Which Indian legislation governs the use and handling of genetically modified organisms (GMOs)?
Answer: The “Rules for Manufacture, Use, Import, Export, and Storage of Hazardous Microorganisms/Genetically Engineered Organisms or Cells” (1989) under the Environment Protection Act governs the use and handling of GMOs in India.
Question: What is the role of the National Biotechnology Development Strategy in promoting biotechnology in India?
Answer: The National Biotechnology Development Strategy aims to promote research, development, and innovation in biotechnology, strengthen infrastructure, and enhance collaboration among academia, industry, and government.
Question: How does the Intellectual Property Rights (IPR) framework impact biotechnology research and commercialization?
Answer: The IPR framework protects the rights of inventors and encourages innovation in biotechnology by providing legal protection and incentives for commercialization.
Question: What are the potential ethical challenges associated with the use of gene editing technologies, such as CRISPR-Cas9?
Answer: Ethical challenges related to gene editing technologies include concerns about unintended off-target effects, germline editing, and equitable access to these technologies.
Question: Which Indian organization focuses on creating awareness and promoting public understanding of biotechnology?
Answer: The National Council for Science and Technology Communication (NCSTC) focuses on creating awareness and promoting public understanding of biotechnology in India.
Question: What are the ethical implications of biopiracy and the exploitation of traditional knowledge in biotechnology research?
Answer: Ethical implications arise when traditional knowledge and genetic resources are exploited without fair compensation or benefit sharing with the indigenous communities or countries of origin.
Question: What measures are taken to ensure the safety and efficacy of biopharmaceutical products in India?
Answer: Biopharmaceutical products in India undergo rigorous testing and evaluation, including preclinical studies, clinical trials, and regulatory approvals by authorities like the Central Drugs Standard Control Organization (CDSCO) to ensure their safety and efficacy.
Question: How does the Biotechnology Regulatory Authority of India (BRAI) contribute to the regulation of biotechnology in the country?
Answer: The Biotechnology Regulatory Authority of India (BRAI) is an autonomous body proposed to regulate the research, development, import, transport, and use of genetically modified organisms (GMOs) in India.
Quiz on Biotechnology: Round 7: Biotechnology in Environment and Conservation
Question: Which Indian organization is dedicated to the conservation and sustainable use of biodiversity through biotechnology?
Answer: The National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources (NBPGR) in New Delhi is dedicated to the conservation and sustainable use of plant biodiversity through biotechnology.
Question: What is the role of bioremediation in environmental conservation?
Answer: Bioremediation utilizes microorganisms or their products to degrade or remove pollutants from the environment, contributing to the conservation of ecosystems and the restoration of contaminated sites.
Question: Which Indian city is home to the Salim Ali Centre for Ornithology and Natural History (SACON), known for its research in biodiversity conservation?
Answer: Coimbatore, in the state of Tamil Nadu, is home to the Salim Ali Centre for Ornithology and Natural History (SACON).
Question: How does biotechnology contribute to the conservation of endangered species?
Answer: Biotechnology techniques like in vitro fertilization, embryo transfer, and cryopreservation of genetic material aid in the conservation and propagation of endangered species.
Question: Which Indian organization focuses on the conservation and management of marine biodiversity through biotechnology?
Answer: The Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute (CMFRI) in Kochi focuses on the conservation and management of marine biodiversity using biotechnology approaches.
Question: What are the applications of DNA barcoding in biodiversity research and conservation?
Answer: DNA barcoding enables the identification and classification of species, detection of illegal wildlife trade, and assessment of biodiversity in conservation efforts.
Question: Which Indian national park is known for its successful conservation efforts of the Indian one-horned rhinoceros using biotechnology?
Answer: Kaziranga National Park in Assam is known for its successful conservation efforts of the Indian one-horned rhinoceros, including the use of biotechnology for population management.
Question: What is the role of microbial biotechnology in wastewater treatment and environmental remediation?
Answer: Microbial biotechnology harnesses the metabolic capabilities of microorganisms to treat wastewater, degrade pollutants, and restore the environmental quality of contaminated sites.
Question: Which Indian research institution focuses on the conservation of medicinal plants through biotechnology?
Answer: The Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (CIMAP) in Lucknow focuses on the conservation of medicinal plants and their sustainable utilization through biotechnology.
Question: How does biotechnology contribute to sustainable agriculture and food security in the context of environmental conservation?
Answer: Biotechnology offers tools for developing genetically modified crops with enhanced yield, stress tolerance, and nutritional quality, contributing to sustainable agriculture and food security while minimizing environmental impacts.
Quiz on Biotechnology: Round 8: Biotechnology and Industrial Applications
Question: Which Indian biotech company is known for its production of enzymes used in various industries, including textiles and detergents?
Answer: Novozymes India, a subsidiary of Novozymes A/S, is known for its production of enzymes used in various industries, including textiles and detergents.
Question: What is the role of bioplastics in promoting sustainable and eco-friendly packaging?
Answer: Bioplastics, derived from renewable resources and biodegradable materials, offer an eco-friendly alternative to traditional plastics, reducing the environmental impact of packaging.
Question: Which Indian city is known for its biotechnology industry, particularly in the area of industrial biotechnology?
Answer: Pune, in the state of Maharashtra, is known for its biotechnology industry, with a focus on industrial biotechnology.
Question: How does biotechnology contribute to the production of biofuels?
Answer: Biotechnology enables the use of microorganisms or enzymes to convert biomass, such as agricultural residues or algae, into biofuels like ethanol or biodiesel.
Question: Which Indian company is a leading manufacturer of bio-based chemicals and renewable products derived from agricultural feedstocks?
Answer: Godrej Industries Limited, through its subsidiary Godrej Agrovet, is a leading manufacturer of bio-based chemicals and renewable products derived from agricultural feedstocks.
Question: What are the applications of biocatalysis in industrial processes?
Answer: Biocatalysis involves the use of enzymes or whole cells to catalyze chemical reactions in industrial processes, leading to more sustainable and efficient production methods.
Question: Which Indian biotech company is known for its production of biopesticides and biocontrol agents for agricultural pest management?
Answer: Biocon Limited, through its subsidiary Syngene International, is known for its production of biopesticides and biocontrol agents for agricultural pest management.
Question: What is the significance of industrial enzymes in various manufacturing processes?
Answer: Industrial enzymes play a crucial role in manufacturing processes by facilitating efficient production, reducing energy consumption, and enabling eco-friendly alternatives in industries like food processing, brewing, and papermaking.
Question: Which Indian research institute is dedicated to the development of biotechnological processes for industrial applications?
Answer: National Chemical Laboratory (NCL) in Pune is dedicated to the development of biotechnological processes for industrial applications, including the production of biofuels and specialty chemicals.
Question: How does biotechnology contribute to waste management and environmental sustainability in industries?
Answer: Biotechnology offers solutions for waste management by utilizing microorganisms or enzymes to biodegrade pollutants, transform waste into valuable products, and minimize the environmental impact of industrial processes.
Quiz on Biotechnology: Round 9: Biotechnology in Education and Research
Question: Which Indian institute is known for its pioneering research in biotechnology and is the first to establish a Department of Biotechnology?
Answer: Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Kharagpur is known for its pioneering research in biotechnology and is the first institute in India to establish a Department of Biotechnology.
Question: What is the significance of bioinformatics in biotechnology research?
Answer: Bioinformatics combines computer science and biology to analyze biological data, facilitating genomics, proteomics, and drug discovery research in biotechnology.
Question: Which Indian organization is responsible for promoting and funding research and development in biotechnology?
Answer: The Department of Biotechnology (DBT), under the Ministry of Science and Technology, is responsible for promoting and funding research and development in biotechnology in India.
Question: Which Indian city is known for the establishment of the National Institute of Immunology (NII) for advanced research in immunology and related areas?
Answer: New Delhi is known for the establishment of the National Institute of Immunology (NII), which focuses on advanced research in immunology and related areas.
Question: What is the role of biotechnology in the field of bioengineering and biomedical research?
Answer: Biotechnology plays a crucial role in bioengineering and biomedical research by developing new medical treatments, prosthetics, tissue engineering, and drug delivery systems.
Question: Which Indian institution is known for its interdisciplinary research in biotechnology, including areas like stem cells and regenerative medicine?
Answer: The Institute of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine (inStem), located in Bengaluru, is known for its interdisciplinary research in biotechnology, including stem cells and regenerative medicine.
Question: What are the benefits of biotechnology education and research in shaping future scientific advancements?
Answer: Biotechnology education and research provide a strong foundation for scientific advancements by fostering innovation, addressing global challenges, and promoting the development of new technologies and therapies.
Question: Which Indian research organization focuses on agricultural biotechnology and crop improvement through genetic engineering?
Answer: The National Institute of Plant Genome Research (NIPGR) in New Delhi focuses on agricultural biotechnology and crop improvement through genetic engineering.
Question: How does biotechnology contribute to the development of diagnostics and medical devices?
Answer: Biotechnology enables the development of advanced diagnostics and medical devices, including DNA sequencing technologies, biosensors, and imaging techniques, improving disease diagnosis and patient care.
Question: Which Indian university is known for its excellence in biotechnology education and research, offering specialized programs and state-of-the-art facilities?
Answer: Jawaharlal Nehru University (JNU) in New Delhi is known for its excellence in biotechnology education and research, offering specialized programs and state-of-the-art facilities.
Quiz on Biotechnology: Round 10: Current Trends in Biotechnology
Question: What is the concept of synthetic biology and its applications in biotechnology?
Answer: Synthetic biology involves designing and constructing new biological parts, devices, and systems. It has applications in areas such as biofuel production, drug synthesis, and bioremediation.
Question: What are the potential applications of gene editing technologies, such as CRISPR-Cas9, in biotechnology?
Answer: Gene editing technologies like CRISPR-Cas9 offer potential applications in precision medicine, genetic engineering of crops, development of disease models, and therapeutic interventions.
Question: What is the significance of nanobiotechnology in the field of medicine?
Answer: Nanobiotechnology combines nanotechnology and biotechnology, offering opportunities for targeted drug delivery, early disease detection, tissue engineering, and improved medical imaging.
Question: What are the emerging trends in agricultural biotechnology, specifically related to climate change mitigation and sustainable farming practices?
Answer: Emerging trends in agricultural biotechnology include the development of climate-resilient crops, precision farming techniques, genetic modification for nutrient efficiency, and bio-based pest management strategies.
Question: How does biotechnology contribute to the field of personalized medicine and individualized treatments?
Answer: Biotechnology enables the analysis of an individual’s genetic makeup and provides personalized diagnostic tools, targeted therapies, and treatment plans based on their specific genetic characteristics.
Question: What are the advancements in biotechnology research for the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders, such as Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s disease?
Answer: Advancements in biotechnology research for neurodegenerative disorders include the development of novel drug targets, gene therapies, stem cell-based treatments, and the use of neuroprotective factors to slow disease progression.
Question: How is biotechnology being utilized in the field of environmental monitoring and conservation?
Answer: Biotechnology is used in environmental monitoring and conservation through the development of biosensors, DNA-based technologies for species identification, and the study of microbial communities to assess ecosystem health.
Question: What are the potential applications of 3D bioprinting in tissue engineering and organ transplantation?
Answer: 3D bioprinting allows for the fabrication of complex tissues and organs using bioinks and living cells, holding promise for personalized organ transplantation, drug testing, and regenerative medicine.
Question: How is biotechnology being employed in the production of plant-based alternatives to animal products, such as meat substitutes and plant-based milk?
Answer: Biotechnology techniques like cell culture and genetic modification are used to produce plant-based alternatives to animal products, resulting in meat substitutes, dairy alternatives, and plant-based proteins.
Question: What is the role of biotechnology in the development of vaccines against emerging infectious diseases, such as COVID-19?
Answer: Biotechnology plays a crucial role in the development of vaccines against emerging infectious diseases by enabling the production of recombinant viral proteins, viral vector-based vaccines, and mRNA-based vaccines like those used for COVID-19.
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